Dr Joshi, who topped all years of his MBBS, MD, and DM with gold medals, is a practicing adult endocrinologist and diabetologist and on the faculty of the Department of Medicine at K. J. Somaiya Medical College and Hospital in Mumbai, India, as well as a visiting faculty member at several other Indian and international universities. He is affiliated with several hospitals in Mumbai including Lilavati and Bhatia hospitals. He is actively involved with evidence-based work in endocrinology including obesity, diabetes, growth, the thyroid, and osteoporosis.

Dr Joshi is currently vice president of the Research Society for the Study of Diabetes in India (the national diabetes society) and the Association of Physicians of India and president of the All India Association for Advancing Research in Obesity (an affiliate of the International Association for the Study of Obesity). He is a fellow of the American College of Endocrinology, American College of Physicians, and Royal College of Physicians (Glasgow). 

Dr Joshi has more than 400 research publications to his credit. He is the honorary emeritus editor of Journal of the Association of Physicians of India and past editor of Indian Journal of Endocrinology & Metabolism (an Endocrine Society of India publication), Indian Journal of Obesity, and several other leading medical journals.