Abbott CA, Vileikyte L, Williamson S, et al. Multicenter study of the incidence of and predictive risk factors for diabetic neuropathic foot ulceration. Diabetes Care 1998;21:1071-1075.

American Diabetes Association. Clinical practice recommendations 2002. Diabetes Care 2002;25 Suppl 1:S1-147.

Apelqvist J, Larsson J, and Agardh CD. Medical risk factors in diabetic patients with foot ulcers and severe peripheral vascular disease and their influence on outcome. J Diabetes Complications 1992;6:167-174.

Armstrong DG and Lavery LA. Diabetic foot ulcers: prevention, diagnosis and classification. Am Fam Physician 1998a;57:1325-1328.

Armstrong DG and Lavery LA. Evidence-based options for off-loading diabetic wounds. Clin Podiatr Med Surg 1998b;15:95-104.

Armstrong DG and Lavery LA. Predicting neuropathic ulceration with infrared dermal thermometry. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 1997;87:336-337.

Armstrong DG, Nguyen HC, Lavery LA, et al. Off-loading the diabetic foot wound: a randomized clinical trial. Diabetes Care 2001;24:1019-1022.

Armstrong DG, Todd WF, Lavery LA, et al. The natural history of acute Charcot's arthropathy in a diabetic foot specialty clinic. Diabet Med 1997;14:357-363.

Boulton AJ, Gries FA, and Jervell JA. Guidelines for the diagnosis and outpatient management of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Diabet Med 1998;15:508-514.

Boulton AJM. Foot problems in patients with diabetes mellitus. In: Textbook of diabetes. 2nd ed. Pickup JC and Williams G (eds). Oxford: Blackwell Science Ltd 1997; 58.1-58.20.

Brower AC and Allman RM. The neuropathic joint: a neurovascular bone disorder. Radiol Clin North Am 1981;19:571-580.

Caputo GM, Ulbrecht J, Cavanagh PR, et al. The Charcot foot in diabetes: six key points. Am Fam Physician 1998;57:2705-2710.

Clark CM, Jr. and Lee DA. Prevention and treatment of the complications of diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 1995;332:1210-1217.

Colagiuri S, Marsden LL, Naidu V, et al. The use of orthotic devices to correct plantar callus in people with diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 1995;28:29-34.

Fabrin J, Larsen K, and Holstein PE. Long-term follow-up in diabetic Charcot feet with spontaneous onset. Diabetes Care 2000;23:796-800.

Frykberg RG, Armstrong DG, Giurini J, et al. Diabetic foot disorders. A clinical practice guideline. For the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons and the American College of Foot and Ankle Orthopedics and Medicine. J Foot Ankle Surg 2000;Suppl:1-60.

International Diabetes Federation (European Region). A desktop guide to Type 2 diabetes mellitus. European Diabetes Policy Group 1999. Diabet Med 1999;16:716-730.

Jeffcoate W, Lima J, and Nobrega L. The Charcot foot. Diabet Med 2000;17:253-258.

Jude EB, Selby PL, Burgess J, et al. Bisphosphonates in the treatment of Charcot neuroarthropathy: a double-blind randomised controlled trial. Diabetologia 2001;44:2032-2037.

Kumar S, Fernando DJ, Veves A, et al. Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments: a simple, effective and inexpensive screening device for identifying diabetic patients at risk of foot ulceration. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 1991;13:63-67.

Larsson J, Apelqvist J, Agardh CD, et al. Decreasing incidence of major amputation in diabetic patients: a consequence of a multidisciplinary foot care team approach? Diabet Med 1995;12:770-776.

LoGerfo FW, Gibbons GW, Pomposelli FB, Jr., et al. Trends in the care of the diabetic foot. Expanded role of arterial reconstruction. Arch Surg 1992;127:617-620.

McGill M, Molyneaux L, Bolton T, et al. Response of Charcot's arthropathy to contact casting: assessment by quantitative techniques. Diabetologia 2000;43:481-484.

Moriarty KT, Perkins AC, Robinson AM, et al. Investigating the capillary circulation of the foot with 99mTc-macroaggregated albumin: a prospective study in patients with diabetes and foot ulceration. Diabet Med 1994;11:22-27.

Mueller MJ, Diamond JE, Sinacore DR, et al. Total contact casting in treatment of diabetic plantar ulcers. Controlled clinical trial. Diabetes Care 1989;12:384-388.

Myerson M, Papa J, Eaton K, et al. The total-contact cast for management of neuropathic plantar ulceration of the foot. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1992;74:261-269.

Pecoraro RE, Reiber GE, and Burgess EM. Pathways to diabetic limb amputation. Basis for prevention. Diabetes Care 1990;13:513-521.

Pomposelli FB, Jr., Jepsen SJ, Gibbons GW, et al. A flexible approach to infrapopliteal vein grafts in patients with diabetes mellitus. Arch Surg 1991;126:724-727.

Reiber GE, Vileikyte L, Boyko EJ, et al. Causal pathways for incident lower-extremity ulcers in patients with diabetes from two settings. Diabetes Care 1999;22:157-162.

Rith-Najarian S, Branchaud C, Beaulieu O, et al. Reducing lower-extremity amputations due to diabetes. Application of the staged diabetes management approach in a primary care setting. J Fam Pract 1998;47:127-132.

Rith-Najarian SJ, Stolusky T, and Gohdes DM. Identifying diabetic patients at high risk for lower-extremity amputation in a primary health care setting. A prospective evaluation of simple screening criteria. Diabetes Care 1992;15:1386-1389.

Ronnemaa T, Hamalainen H, Toikka T, et al. Evaluation of the impact of podiatrist care in the primary prevention of foot problems in diabetic subjects. Diabetes Care 1997;20:1833-1837.

Shaw JE and Boulton AJM. Charcot neuropathy. The Foot 1995;5:65-70.

Smieja M, Hunt DL, Edelman D, et al. Clinical examination for the detection of protective sensation in the feet of diabetic patients. International Cooperative Group for Clinical Examination Research. J Gen Intern Med 1999;14:418-424.

Sommer TC and Lee TH. Charcot foot: the diagnostic dilemma. Am Fam Physician 2001;64:1591-1598.

Uccioli L, Faglia E, Monticone G, et al. Manufactured shoes in the prevention of diabetic foot ulcers. Diabetes Care 1995;18:1376-1378.

UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 33. Lancet 1998;352:837-853.

Veves A, Murray HJ, Young MJ, et al. The risk of foot ulceration in diabetic patients with high foot pressure: a prospective study. Diabetologia 1992;35:660-663.

Williams DRR and Airey CM. The size of the problem: epidemiological and economic aspects of foot problems in diabetes. In: The foot in diabetes. 3rd ed. Boulton AJM, Connor H, and Cavanagh PR (eds). Chichester: John Wiley & Sons 2000; 3-18.

Willoughby D and Burroughs D. A CNS-managed diabetes foot-care clinic: a descriptive survey of characteristics and foot-care behaviors of the patient population. Clin Nurse Spec 2001;15:52-57.

Young MJ, Breddy JL, Veves A, et al. The prediction of diabetic neuropathic foot ulceration using vibration perception thresholds. A prospective study. Diabetes Care 1994;17:557-560.

Previous